![]() ![]() When your presentations are poorly organized, it reduces the impact of the message. There are many ways to organize your message The structure could include an introduction, a body or argument, and the conclusion. Structure: The structure of a message is your organization. Most presentations can fall between these two extremes, and in each case, the style should be determined by which one should be the most appropriate for the speaker, the audience, as well as the occasion and place. The style may vary in some cases, it must be very formal or very informal. Style: This explains the way the content of the Speech is presented. The verbal component can be analyzed in three basic elements.Ĭontent: This is what the speaker says about the subject or topic. The message refers to everything the speaker says, both verbally and bodily. His style and personality to communicate his knowledge and ideas.Your motivation when making the presentation or your passion.There are three factors that we need to consider about any speaker. Relying on visual aids in one hundred percent is not recommended. ![]() Many presenters or speakers today put a lot of effort into visual aids and forget that those elements are just that visual aids that help the speaker make a better presentation. Many speakers forget that they are the presentation itself, and not the visual aids they use. One of the most pivotal among the basic elements of public speaking is the speaker itself, that is, the source of the message. However, not paying attention to any of these aspects may result in an unprofessional or disastrous speech or presentation. A professional and effective speaker knows that he must apply these seven elements at the same time. There are seven elements that a speaker must understand to be able to prepare and transmit an effective speech or presentation in public. What are the elements of public speaking? However, understanding this gives you a significant advantage and an excellent opportunity to practice. Most people do not realize that public speaking is something they practice every day. It doesn’t matter the number of persons listening to you it is still defined as public speaking. This means that every time you go to a meeting, attend a conference call, or present solutions to your boss – you’re engaging in public speaking. The best way to define Public speaking is by looking at two key concepts: There are seven elements of public speaking:ġ9+ Public Speaking Techniques (#18 is Gold)īefore we go into the details of each of the basic elements of public speaking and share some of the fundamental tips on how to make an effective speech delivery, let’s start by looking at what is public speaking. There are seven basic elements of public speaking that you used there, and surely you had to find effective speech delivery techniques to make sure your presentation was a success. You took the time to prepare and gather materials, after which you climbed the podium and started talking. Remember that time you had to present a topic in front of a crowd? Probably it was a proposal at work or an oral report in grade school. ![]()
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![]() ![]() Johnson & Johnson had already fallen behind on deliveries of its one-shot COVID-19 vaccine to poorer countries. Other facilities have been tasked to produce the J&J vaccine, but they either still await regulatory approval or weren’t yet manufacturing it, the Times reported. While it’s unclear if the shutdown that began late last year has had an impact on vaccine availability, it could slash Johnson & Johnson’s supply by a few hundred million doses, one source told the newspaper. The stoppage at the plant in the Netherlands is temporary - with production of the vaccine expected to resume sometime in March, the New York Times reported, citing sources close to the matter. ![]() Johnson & Johnson stopped production of its single-shot COVID-19 vaccine at the only plant making usable doses late last year, according to a report Tuesday. Pro basketball player dies of heart attack after blaming COVID vaccine for rare heart conditionĭurham’s ‘chilling’ revelations, what RFK Jr. ![]() Realtors reveal the most insane demands NYC landlords have placed on would-be tenants Fauci with stinging impression: ‘I’m introducing the daily COVID shot’ government, executives said on the investor call.‘SNL’ Legend Dana Carvey hits Dr. The facility could make as many as 120 million doses a month at full capacity, but the finished doses might not be available until this fall, the Journal reported.Įmergent expects to launch in the near future a late stage study for a COVID-19 therapeutic it is developing in partnership with the U.S. The Wall Street Journal, which first reported the news, cited a letter from the FDA saying the agency had no objections with the plant resuming manufacturing. The FDA did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment. "We will continue to work toward securing Emergency Use Authorization in the United States for drug substance manufactured at Emergent Bayview as quickly as possible," J&J said in an email. J&J's vaccine, considered more convenient for use, storing and shipping to remote areas, has seen a relatively slow uptake in Europe and the United States due to safety concerns and the production issues. government can make decisions regarding the disposition of this material," Kramer said during the call.Īn FDA inspection also turned up a long list of sanitary problems and bad manufacturing practices. "We continue to work collaboratively with AstraZeneca to complete all documents related to their drug substance so they and the U.S. government asked Emergent to stop making AstraZeneca shots after it discovered the cross contamination. health regulators in April halted operations at the Baltimore plant following a discovery that ingredients from AstraZeneca's (AZN.L) COVID-19 vaccine, also being produced there at that time, contaminated a batch of J&J's vaccines. ![]() The FDA has so far approved five batches from the Emergent facility since production there was paused, and J&J is working to clear additional doses for use, the drugmaker said last week.Įmergent expects the FDA to approve additional batches of J&J shots, Kramer said during Emergent's Thursday investor call. The resumption follows additional reviews and collaboration with the FDA and manufacturing partners, Emergent Chief Executive Officer Robert Kramer said. Last week, J&J slashed 2021 production target of its single-dose vaccine to between 500 million and 600 million doses from its original goal to produce a billion shots. The development was announced late on Wednesday. July 29 (Reuters) - Emergent BioSolutions (EBS.N) said it will resume production of Johnson & Johnson's (JNJ.N) COVID-19 vaccine at its troubled Baltimore facility, where operations were stopped in April after millions of doses were found to be contaminated. ![]() ![]() ![]() Devolver DigitalĪs you would expect from a game developed by alumni of Arkane Studios (the team who made Dishonored and Deathloop), Weird West is all about player choice. ![]() Image show gameplay from "Weird West." The quirky RPG will be coming to Game Pass on March 31. If you're into tactical warfare, managing subjects and administrating kingdoms, then this is a terrific strategy game (albeit one that has a steep learning curve). Those who own Microsoft's console will have an advantage over Sony fans here, as the Xbox version will be going straight to Game Pass on March 29. It is now being brought over to the console market with a PlayStation and Xbox port. Medieval strategy game Crusader Kings 3 has been around for a couple of years already, having first launched for PC back in September 2020. It's not going to be for everyone (especially not for those who just want immediate action) but it promises to have artistic flair if nothing else.Ī Memoir Blue is another title that is going straight to Game Pass on Day 1. With a total absence of dialogue, the narrative is instead communicated visually through a series of hand-drawn vignettes, each using different animations styles. Annapurna InteractiveĪ Memoir Blue is described by its own developers as an "Interactive Poem." It wordlessly tells the story of a champion swimmer who is reflecting on her childhood and the relationship she has with her mother. Image shows gameplay from "A Memoir Blue." Billed as an interactive poem, the experience will be coming to Xbox Game Pass on March 24. At the moment, the lineup for March is looking quite sparse but there will no doubt be other additions that have yet to be announced. These updates to the catalog happen every month, with new games joining and leaving in equal measure. Much like with Netflix, third-party titles will often leave the service at a moment's notice and so if you've already invested a lot of time in them it can be quite frustrating. Of course, not everything is available on Game Pass to begin with and its library is not fixed either. Not to mention there's a terrific backwards compatibility library for you to sink your teeth into as well. With brand-new AAA blockbusters like Halo Infinite, Forza Horizon 5, and Rainbow Six Extraction at your fingertips (ready to be downloaded with just the press of a button) you could theoretically pay for a 12-month membership and never have to buy another title for the rest of the year. While March is shaping up to be an incredibly busy month in terms of new releases, things are looking a little quiet for Xbox Game Pass.ĭepending on how much free time you have and what genres you're into, Microsoft's premium subscription service can offer unparalleled value for money. ![]() ![]() ![]() A last-gasp Sergio Aguero goal against QPR secures the title in the most dramatic of fashions at a jubilant Etihad Stadium.Ģ014 Manuel Pellegrini's side clinch two trophies in one season for the first time since 1970, lifting the Capital One Cup and Premier League title. The club break the British transfer record for the second time with the £32.5m signing of Robinho from Real Madrid.Ģ009 Roberto Mancini, former manager of Inter Milan replaces Mark Hughes in December.Ģ010 The Blues enjoy their best ever Premier League campaign, finishing 5 th and qualifying for the Europa League in the process, as well as reaching the League Cup semi finals.Ģ011 The long wait for a trophy ends when the Blues beat Stoke 1-0 to lift the FA Cup, and qualify for the 2011/12 Champions League for the first time too!Ģ012 City win the League Championship for the first time in 44 years following a thrilling Premier League campaign. ![]() ![]() Former Wales, Barcelona, Bayern Munich and Manchester United star Mark Hughes becomes the new City Manager. The club make the move to the impressive, 48,000 capacity, City of Manchester Stadium.Ģ007 Sven Goran Eriksson replaces Stuart Pearce as manager, and on 15th December City establish a 'top flight' club-record of nine straight home League wins at the start of the season.Ģ008 The Abu Dhabi United Group become the new owners of Manchester City. A 4-1 victory over Blackburn at Ewood Park to seal promotion is followed by a celebratory pitch invasion by the Blues’ enormous travelling support.Ģ002 Future manager Stuart Pearce captains City as we are promoted back to the Premiership, breaking club records for the most goals scored and most points gained in a season along the way.Ģ003 It’s an emotional farewell to Maine Road as City’s home for 80 years stages its last football match, City vs. Most capped player: David Silva (Spain) Timeline 2000sĢ000 City return to the Premiership following back-to-back promotions. (Record home attendance in English football) Highest home attendance: 84,569 v Stoke City, 3 March 1934. Record European victory: 7–0 v Schalke 04 (UEFA Champions League: Round of 16 second leg), 12 March 2019 Record FA Cup victory: 12–0 v Liverpool Stanley, 4 October 1890 Record league victory: 11–3 v Lincoln City, 23 March 1895 Most consecutive league clean sheets during a season: 6 (15 September 2018 – 29 October 2018) Most clean sheets by an individual goalkeeper in one season: 29: Joe Hart (2010/11) Most clean sheets in one season: 33 (61 matches, 2018/19) Longest winning run by an English side in the Champions League: 7 (9 December 2020 - )Ĭlub record unbeaten home run in the Champions League: 14 (7 November 2018 - )Ĭlub record unbeaten run in the Champions League: 12 (21 October 2020 - ) Highest number of wins achieved in a single month in English football: 9: January 2021 Premier League record for longest winning run of games in a calendar year: 13 (3 January - 2 March 2021) Most away wins in a row (all competitions): 19 (19 December 2020 - )Ĭlub record unbeaten run: 28 (27 April 2017 - 3 December 2017 and 25 November 2020 - 2 March 2021)Ĭlub record unbeaten run away from home: 22 (5 November 2020 - ) Most away league wins in a row: 11 ( - 27 December 2017) Most home wins in a row (all competitions): 20 (9 September 2017 – 4 March 2018) Most home league wins in a row: 20 (5 March 2011 – 21 March 2012) Most Premier League wins in a row: 11 (equalling City's previous record in 2017 and Chelsea's of 2008) Most league wins in a row: 18 (26 August – 27 December 2017) Most wins in a row (all competitions) - English top-flight record: 21 (19 December 2020 - 2 March 2021) Most league goals by one player in a season: 38: Tommy Johnson (Division One, 1928/29) Most goals in a season (all competitions): 169 (2018/19) Most league goals in a season: 108 (Division Two, 1926/27: 42 games) and Division One (2001/02: 46 games) Most points in a season (3 for a win): 100 (Premier League, 2017/18) Most points in a season (2 for a win): 62 (Division Two, 1946/47) Highest appearance maker: Alan Oakes (680)Ĭlub record goal-scorer: Sergio Aguero (260)įirst club to win an English domestic treble: 2018/19 (plus 2018 FA Community/Charity Shield) Second Division/Division One/Championships Winners ![]() ![]() ![]() Say:Unless you are gifted with incredible artistic talent which allows you to intuitively define which chromatic combinations can be appealing to your learning audience, you will probably struggle trying to choose color for background, text and other objects. ![]() SayThis lesson will teach you how to: Classify diverse color schemes Demonstrate understanding of the essential characteristics of the RGB color modelExplain how the concepts of hue, saturation and brightness can be used to derive color schemes Compare the differences between the effects of warm and cool colors for eLearning Compare the characteristics and uses of different color schemes.In this module, you will learn what the basic color classification is, what rules we can use to combine these colors and how to use a free online tool, Adobe Color to choose a basic palette for your eLearning module. The basic color theory can help us do this job successfully. However, it is a step that we should take seriously, since color has a strong visual and psychological impact on learning. WELCOME the participants to the courseSa圜hoosing the right color palette for an eLearning module can be a difficult task.To learn more about this tool and its amazing possibilitiesĬreate inspiring color themes with Adobe Color CC Creating a palette from a picture (Click on the image).Adobe Color Overview (Click on the image).Use the branding images or logo colors of.To green yields yellow adding red to blue Compare the characteristics and uses of differentįigure 1 Additive color mixing: adding red Compare the differences between the effects of Explain how the concepts of hue, saturation andīrightness can be used to derive color schemes Demonstrate understanding of the essential ![]() ![]() The map below shows when each of these countries declared independence. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine declared independence on August 24. Russia and Ukraine were part of the 15 Soviet republics that made up the Soviet Union. Below is a summary of the conflict at a glance. Kyiv declared martial law, saying Ukraine will defend itself. Explosions were heard across the country. Conflict at a glanceĪfter months of tensions and intense diplomacy, Russian forces invaded Ukraine. Ukraine and Russia explained in ten maps and chartsīelow are ten infographics that break down the history, politics and economics of the Ukraine-Russia crisis. Men aged 18 to 60 have been asked to remain in Ukraine to fight. Most of those displaced have been women and children. Many people have sought refuge in neighbouring countries. Russian occupation officials on the east bank of the Dnipro River in the Kherson region are reportedly continuing evacuations after flooding but are likely denying services to some affected residents, according to the Institute for the Study of War.Īccording to the United Nations refugee agency, there have been 21.9 million border crossings out of Ukraine since the Russian invasion began in February 2022. ![]() Ukraine’s troops continue to advance on the northern and southern flanks of Bakhmut, the Institute for the Study of War says. ![]() Russia continues ground attacks on the Kreminna front line and offensive operations on the Avdiivka-Donetsk city line. Ukraine says Russia launched a “massive missile attack” on the city of Kryvyi Rih, killing at least 11 people and wounding 28 on Tuesday. Read on for an overview of the situation in infographics and maps. The Russian offensive enters its 69th week, we track where the fighting is happening and how we got here. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Which Is Better: 2010 Chevrolet Equinox or 2010 Toyota RAV4? However, you’ll have to decide if these traits are worth giving up for a better vehicle with more space and better reliability. The CR-V is a better vehicle than the Equinox, but the Chevy has a more modern-looking interior, a stronger engine lineup, and has a lower average price. It also delivers nimble handling and a cushioned ride. The 2010 Honda CR-V is a standout compact SUV with a superb reliability rating and expansive passenger and cargo space. The Equinox doesn't have any standard advanced safety features, but some models may have a rearview camera and rear parking sensors.Ģ010 Chevrolet Equinox Versus the Competition Which Is Better: 2010 Chevrolet Equinox or 2010 Honda CR-V? The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration gave the Equinox five out of five stars in frontal and side crash tests and four stars in rollover crash test. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety named the Chevrolet Equinox a 2010 Top Safety Pick, also giving it the highest rating of Good in four crash tests. See 2010 Chevrolet Equinox trims and specs »Ģ010 Chevrolet Equinox Safety Score: 9.7/10 It comes with all of the base trim's features, including remote keyless entry and a tilt-and-telescopic steering wheel, also adding eight-way power-adjustable front seats, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, an eight-speaker audio system, Bluetooth, a USB port, remote start, a rearview camera, fog lights, and automatic climate control. Some shoppers may be content with the base LS trim, but considering the used Equinox has a below-average list price, we recommend the 2LT trim. The 2010 Chevrolet Equinox comes in four main trim levels: LS, 1LT, 2LT, and LTZ. See more information on Chevrolet Equinox safety recalls » Which Used Chevrolet Equinox Is Right for Me? Make sure a Chevrolet dealer has addressed these recalls before purchasing a 2010 Equinox. Chevy also issued a recall to update the SUV’s software so it doesn’t interfere with the air conditioning, heating, defrost, and radio controls. Another recall involves the seat height adjuster bolt falling out. One recall addresses an issue that makes it possible to remove the key from the ignition when the car is in park. ![]() There are three safety recalls for the 2010 Chevy Equinox. It offers many of the same amenities, but with a lower price.Ĭompare the 2010, 2011, and 2012 Equinox » If you’re not interested in these updates, stick with a 2010 model. The 2013 Equinox received an upgraded suspension and an available V6 edition. There were hardly any changes for the first few years. See the Best New Car Lease Deals » Which Model Year of the Chevrolet Equinox Is Best?įor the Chevrolet Equinox, 2010 was the first model year of a generation that continued on until a redesign for 2018. You won't be able to find a new compact SUV for around the same price as the 2010 Chevrolet Equinox. Though the 2019 Equinox is more refined and well-equipped, it’s hard to justify the large price difference between it and a used 2010 Equinox. It also features standard Apple CarPlay and Android Auto and available adaptive cruise control. Chevy completely redesigned the Equinox for 2018, giving it updated styling and a more fuel-efficient engine lineup. With a starting price of $23,800, the 2019 Chevrolet Equinox is twice as expensive as the average 2010 model, but it’s a better SUV overall. Is It Better to Buy a Used or New Equinox? Prices range from about $6,900 to $13,000, and they vary based on vehicle's condition, mileage, features, and location. Pricing How Much is a 2010 Chevrolet Equinox?īased on nearly 440 listings on our site of the 2010 Chevrolet Equinox, the average list price is $9,800, which is slightly below average for the class. To remain impartial, we do not accept extravagant gifts from automakers, and an outside source handles our advertising. News & World Report has been reviewing cars, trucks, and SUVs since 2007, and our Best Cars team has more than 75 years of combined automotive industry experience. We’ve analyzed 30 Chevrolet Equinox reviews, as well as fuel economy estimates, reliability ratings, crash test results, and more, to give you all the information you need to make a smart car-buying decision. Still, given that the 2010 Equinox has the lowest possible reliability rating possible, there are certainly better choices in the class. Its sliding back row gives you the option of having more rear passenger room or more cargo space. The Equinox has a relaxed ride and great fuel economy with its base engine, and this Chevy has comfortable and supportive seats. The 2010 Chevrolet Equinox is a good compact SUV, but its reliability rating may give you pause. 2010 Chevrolet Equinox Overview Is the 2010 Chevrolet Equinox a Good Used Car? ![]() ![]() The Range Rover Sport was comparably of much more conservative design featuring five doors and a wheelbase hardly shorter than that of the Range Rover Vogue.Ī replica of the Stormer was built by West Coast Customs of Corona, CA for Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum, Crown Prince of Dubai, on the occasion of opening West Coast Customs Dubai the car is currently registered under the Dubai Traffic And Road Authority. Designed by Richard Woolley, the marque's first complete concept car sported split-folding gullwing doors, one-piece skeletal seats, a "clamshell" bonnet, 22 inch alloys, a 289 km/h (180 mph) top speed, 4WD and a 2,500 kg (5,512 lb) weight. This was a low-slung, short wheelbase 3-door coupé that was unusually "sporty" in the context of Land Rover's history. Contact dealer for details.The Range Rover Sport was prefigured by the Range Stormer concept car, introduced at the 2004 North American International Auto Show. Fees may vary by state and county of new vehicle registration. We are here to provide only the very best in quality and customer service! All sales must add tax, title, license and $300.00 Illinois Doc fee. We also ask that that you not misinterpret anything in this disclaimer, as it is intended to be understood exactly as it is written. If you have any questions or concerns, call us at (630) 221-1800 and ask to speak with a sales manager to discuss. ![]() Please do not make any assumptions regarding condition or equipment. Since our ultimate goal is 100% customer satisfaction, we ask every customer to verify the listed equipment at the time of purchase with their salesperson. We cannot be held responsible for any purely accidental inaccuracies. We do all within our power to avoid mistakes or misprints, so if you see any inaccuracy within our listing, we only ask that you bring this to our attention so that we can immediately rectify the information. We will note in our listings any accessories that will be included, and provide a picture within the listing of all accessories. floor mats, extra keys, owners manuals, headsets, remotes, etc), and while it would be ideal to have all original accessories included with every car, this is not always the case. Cars leave the factory with unattached accessories (i.e. We go above and beyond to be as accurate as possible in our listings and descriptions, but remember, we are still human just like you. Our vehicles are advertised with the current mileage at the time of listing, so mileage at the time of sale may vary due to test drives, transportation for reconditioning, etc. This means they have actually been driven, and regardless of the level of care, every car will exhibit some wear-and-tear. Please remember, every one of our cars has been enjoyed by their original owners, and these are not factory-new cars. Our goal is to offer the most exceptional pre-owned vehicles in the marketplace at unbeatable prices! Each vehicle is hand-selected by our expert purchasing staff, then handed over to our reconditioning team to bring the car as close to new as is humanly possible. Here at Chicago Motor Cars, we make every effort to ensure that our vehicle will exceed the expectation of the most demanding buyers. ![]() ![]() WE CAN TAILOR FINANCING TO MEET YOUR NEEDS! ![]() LOADED with Factory Options and Features! Rear Seat Entertainment System (Originally $2,300)ĭual Rear Entertainment Screens in Headrests 2012 Land Rover Range Rover Sport Supercharged Autobiographyįuji White Exterior over Ivory/Ebony Leather InteriorĪUTOBIOGRAPHY PACKAGE! REAR SEAT ENTERTAINMENT SCREENS!Īutobiography Package (Originally $9,800)ĥ-Spoke Autobiography Turned Alloy Wheels ![]() ![]() ![]() Meanwhile, the Texas Longhorns are on The Plains, where the War Eagle is flying and Texas fans are flashing Hook 'em Horns. OU fans are hollering “ Boomer, Sooner,” while the Tide faithful are shaking their pom-poms.Įach team needs a victory to secure its place in the SEC Championship Game. ![]() Gaylord Family – Oklahoma Memorial Stadium is at full capacity. – Picture this: It’s a Saturday in November, and the Alabama Crimson Tide are in Norman, Oklahoma. Persistent realignment is ingrained in this sport.īlake Toppmeyer is an SEC Columnist for the USA TODAY Network.Watch Video: Analysis: Why the SEC should seal the deal with Texas and Oklahoma The unlikeliest idea when it comes to conference structure is that it will remain the same. Just more than two decades later, the Big East ceased to exist as a football-playing entity. The Big East. Miami won a split national championship. ![]() If this all sounds a bit far-fetched, consider this: Miami, Rutgers, Temple and West Virginia called the same conference home in 1991. the winner of the Big Ten would ensure representation from two conferences, and the postseason likely would be more captivating than the current College Football Playoff, while beefing up regular-season schedules. Twice in the past five years, SEC teams played against each other in the national championship.Ī format that pits the winner of the SEC vs. The current four-team playoff format is a stale, SEC-dominated affair with little variety. Why SEC-Big Ten faceoff would be better than current systemĪlso, you'll recall that for decades college football had no designated championship game. Teams that do not reach this clash of mega conference titans could play in traditional bowl games.Ī playoff format featuring six SEC teams on one side and six Big Ten teams on the other, meeting in the middle, would resemble an NFL playoff between the AFC and NFC. The winner of this SEC mini playoff could advance to play the winner of another mega conference (likely the Big Ten) in a de facto national championship. Instead of an SEC Championship, conduct a mini playoff featuring the top six teams from a 20-team SEC, awarding first-round byes to the top two teams. Do away with nonconference cupcake games that bore fans, and give the audience what they want: More compelling games. In such a format, you’d play every conference foe at least once every two years, while maintaining marquee rivalries. Each team would play three rivals annually, plus eight rotating conference foes, for a total of 11 conference games, plus one nonconference game. Releasing the division shackles will provide a framework for how the conference could conduct its schedule in a 20-team future.Ĭonsider this model: One 20-team conference without divisions. The SEC plans to shed its two-division structure after Oklahoma and Texas join. The ACC’s grant of rights deal might influence the SEC to pump the brakes on further expansion until the 2030s. That deal creates an expensive roadblock for any ACC team seeking a new conference. And exiting the ACC is complicated by the conference’s grand of rights agreement that runs through 2036. The hurdle? These four schools (along with other expansion possibilities like Virginia and Miami) are in the ACC. Other than Notre Dame and teams currently in or joining the Big Ten or SEC, no one attracts a television audience better than Clemson and FSU.Īdditionally, North Carolina and Virginia Tech would fit the SEC’s past preference to grow the footprint into neighboring states. The SEC’s expansion approach stands in contrast to the Big Ten, which targeted schools from coast to coast.Ĭlemson and Florida State are big brands within the SEC footprint that would mesh with the culture. Other than Missouri, those schools fit the conference’s Southern brand. The SEC’s past additions of Arkansas, South Carolina, Missouri, Texas A&M, Oklahoma and Texas expanded the conference’s footprint into neighboring states. Here’s one idea: Which schools make sense for SEC expansion? STAY UP-TO-DATE: Subscribe to our Sports newsletter now! So, whether the SEC will expand further seems less a question of if and more a matter of when, and with whom? Conference growth and evolution are simply part of college football. The 1991 college football standings illustrate conference realignment's longstanding presence.įive of the 10 conferences from 1991 are either defunct or no longer compete in the FBS. That season, no conference featured more than 10 teams.īy 2025, the Big Ten and SEC each will have at least 16 members, while other conferences fight for survival. Watch Video: NIL contracts are changing the landscape of the NCAA ![]() ![]() ![]() Data represents average ± SD (n = 50 - 75 cells, 3 cultures each). Treatments included transfection with GFP-LKB1 S431D, NP1-siRNA or control siRNA. Substrates were stripe-coated with BSA, Sema3A, BDNF, NGF, netrin1, F-cAMP, or F-cGMP, either alone or together with KT5720 or KT5823. Data shown are average PIs for axon/dendrite differentiation for neurons with somata located on the stripe boundary (a), and pathfinding for all neurons (b), determined at 48-60 hr after cell plating. Preference index (PI) was defined as / 100%. (C) Summary of preferential axon/dendrite differentiation (a) and pathfinding (b) for all neurons cultured on substrates striped with various factors indicated. (b) Angular locations of all initiation sites, either “on-stripe” (blue circles) or “off-stripe” (black circles), for axons (30 cells) and dendrites (10 cells) initiated on substrates striped with Sema3A, BDNF, NGF, or netrin1. The initiation site (marked by the circle) was determined relative to the center of the stripe boundary intersecting the soma (axon, green dendrites, red). ![]() (a) Schematic diagram depicts the determination of the angular location of neurite initiation sites on the soma for all neurites that became the axon or dendrites at 48-60 hr. (B) Preferential axon/dendrite differentiation was quantified retrospectively at 48-60 hr after plating, for polarized neurons with somata located at the stripe boundary. Yellow symbols mark axon/dendrite turning at the stripe boundary. White arrows and arrowheads mark neurites that later became the axon and dendrites, respectively. ![]() (A) Images of an example hippocampal neuron cultured on substrates coated with stripes (blue) of Sema3A, taken at 12 and 60 hr after cell plating and immunostaining (at 60 hr) for axons and dendrites with smi-312 and MAP2 antibodies, respectively. Thus, Sema3A regulates the earliest step of neuronal morphogenesis by polarizing axon/dendrite formation.Ĭopyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. Downregulating Sema3A signaling in rat embryonic cortical progenitors via in utero electroporation of siRNAs against the Sema3A receptor neuropilin-1 also resulted in polarization defects in vivo. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging showed that Sema3A elevated the cGMP but reduced cAMP and protein kinase A (PKA) activity, and its axon suppression is attributed to the downregulation of PKA-dependent phosphorylation of axon determinants LKB1 and GSK-3β. Exposure of the undifferentiated neurite to localized Sema3A suppressed its differentiation into axon and promoted dendrite formation, resulting in axon formation away from the Sema3A source, and bath application of Sema3A to polarized neurons promoted dendrite growth but suppressed axon growth. We found that it also acts as a polarizing factor for axon/dendrite development in cultured hippocampal neurons. All rights reserved.Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a secreted factor known to guide axon/dendrite growth and neuronal migration. Failure of axon regeneration in the adult mammalian CNS is a major problem in multiple diseases, and understanding how 5-HT receptors signal opposing effects on neurite growth may lead to novel neuroregenerative therapies, by targeting either 5-HT receptors or their downstream signaling pathways.Ĭopyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. ![]() 5-HT predominantly appears to suppress neurite growth, but depending on the model system and 5-HT receptor subtype, in rare cases, it may promote neurite outgrowth and elongation. 5-HT has been shown to regulate neurite growth in multiple systems and species, including in the mammalian CNS. Here, we review the less well-studied role of 5-HT as a modulator of neurite growth. Although its most prominent biological function is as a signal transmission messenger from pre- to postsynaptic neurons, other roles such as shaping brain development and regulating neurite growth have also been described. The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays multiple roles in the enteric, peripheral, and central nervous systems (CNS). ![]() |
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